Gynaecomastia

What is Gynaecomastia?

Gynaecomastia is the enlargement of male breast tissue caused by excess glandular development beneath the nipple–areola complex. It may affect one or both sides and can occur due to hormonal changes, certain medications, weight fluctuation or other underlying factors.

It is important to distinguish true glandular gynaecomastia from chest fullness caused primarily by excess fat (pseudogynaecomastia), as management differs.

Where enlargement persists despite weight optimisation or medical management, surgical correction may be considered to restore a flatter, more contoured chest profile proportionate to the body.

How is Gynaecomastia Surgery Performed?

Male breast reduction surgery is designed to reduce excess chest tissue and create a flatter, more masculine contour. The procedure can often be performed under Twilight Anaesthesia, allowing for a quicker recovery and fewer side effects compared to general anaesthetic.

During your consultation, your surgeon will assess the cause and extent of the enlargement before recommending the most suitable surgical approach. Treatment typically involves making a small incision near the nipple to remove excess glandular tissue. In some cases, liposuction may also be used to remove additional fat through a thin tube. Where necessary, surgical excision may be performed, which can result in a small scar — usually around the edge of the nipple. Larger reductions may require more extensive incisions and lead to more noticeable scarring.

Gynaecomastia Surgery Risks and Considerations

All surgical procedures carry potential risks. With gynaecomastia surgery, swelling, bruising and temporary changes in nipple sensation are common in early recovery.

Less commonly, bleeding, fluid collection (seroma), contour irregularities or asymmetry may occur. Scarring is usually discreet but can vary between individuals.

In rare cases, reduced nipple sensation may persist or further revision surgery may be required.

These considerations will be discussed in detail during consultation to ensure informed decision-making and realistic expectations.

Gynaecomastia Surgery Aftercare & Recovery

Aftercare: A compression garment should be worn day and night for the first 4–6 weeks to reduce swelling and support contour. Dressings should be kept clean and dry until your initial review. Drains are not routinely required. Appropriate analgesia will be provided on discharge.

Recovery: Swelling, bruising and chest tightness are common in the first 1–2 weeks. A review is usually arranged at around one week to assess healing. Light daily activity can resume gradually, but strenuous exercise, heavy lifting and upper body training should be avoided for approximately 4–6 weeks.

Wound Care: Incisions should be kept clean and supported. Scar therapy, such as micropore taping or silicone-based products, is commonly recommended for several months. Scars typically appear pink and firm initially and soften over time.

What is gynaecomastia?

Gynaecomastia is a common condition that causes enlarged breast tissue in males due to a hormonal imbalance between testosterone and oestrogen. It can affect one or both sides of the chest and may appear as firm or swollen tissue beneath the nipple.

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What causes gynaecomastia?

Gynaecomastia is usually caused by hormonal changes during puberty or ageing, but it can also be linked to weight gain, certain medications, underlying health conditions, or the use of anabolic steroids.

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How long is recovery after gynaecomastia surgery?

Most patients can return to normal daily activities within two to three weeks, although strenuous exercise and upper body workouts should be avoided for around six weeks to allow for proper healing.

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Does gynaecomastia go away on its own?

In some cases, particularly during puberty, gynaecomastia may resolve naturally over time. However, if the condition persists into adulthood, surgery is often the most effective way to permanently reduce excess glandular tissue.

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What is gynaecomastia surgery?

Gynaecomastia surgery, also known as male breast reduction, is a procedure that removes excess glandular tissue and fat from the chest to create a flatter, firmer, and more masculine contour.

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How is male breast reduction surgery performed?

The procedure typically involves making a small incision around the edge of the nipple to remove excess breast tissue. Liposuction may also be used to remove additional fat and improve the overall chest shape.

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Is gynaecomastia surgery permanent?

Results from gynaecomastia surgery are usually long-lasting, provided you maintain a stable weight and healthy lifestyle. Significant weight gain or hormonal changes in the future may affect the outcome.

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Will there be visible scars after gynaecomastia surgery?

Some scarring is expected, but incisions are usually placed around the nipple area to make scars as discreet as possible. With proper aftercare, scars typically fade over time.

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